involved involving included including
익명 작성일 - 영어에서 동사의 분사형은 현재분사와 과거분사가 있지요.
1) 현재분사는 능동의 의미와 진행의 의미를 가지고 있고,
2) 과거분사는 수동의 의미와 완료의 의미를 가지고 있습니다.
즉
1) involving과 including은 능동의 의미와 진행의 의미를 가지고 있고,
2) involved과 included은 수동의 의미와 완료의 의미를 가지게 됩니다.
a sleeping baby라고 하면 아기가 스스로(능동) 잠을 자고 있으며 그것은 끝난 상태가 아니라 진행의 상태이고,
my broken leg라고 하면 내 다리가 누군가, 또는 무언가에 의해서(수동) 부러졌으며, 그것은 부러지는 상태가 아니라 이미 부러진(완료) 상태라는 점이 서로 다른 것처럼, 질문의 분사형들도 그런 점에 차이가 있다는 것을 이해하면 될 것으로 생각합니다.
... became involved in producing the advertising message itself, (included/including) copy and artwork 해설 해석... (involving--advertinsing message itself가 copy와...
... Currently, the maximum weight, [including / included] the sled and crew, is 630kg (4... and [involved / involving] [many / a lot of] strategy. In chess, players carefully plan...
... media, including details about secret CIA prisons in... was involved in torture at Iraqi prisons, according... CIA involving the fired employee, normally a...
... facts, including the chemistry involved in... included as exemplary material for the study of other areas such as bonding, equilibria involving...
... Work involved and advise the Architect of the... therewith, including adjustment in Contract Sum and... not involving adjustment in the Contract Sum or extension...
... heavily involved in disaster management. either... access (including networked computer systems and... "brainstorming" sessions involving staff from all grades...
... team, including consultants and others. you will... more involved effort that helps the team define... future involving dis-tributed power generation and...
... situations, including asthma and anaphylaxis.... all involved these units. You refer to this as... Krug, involving terrible abuse and murder, but no...
... The profession has now become broad based involving... directly involved in the delivery of the project... be included in the submission –- including where possible...
... be included in the U.S. zone, had drawn the dividing line at the 38th... [24] North Korea attacked a number of key places including Kaesŏng, Chuncheon...
